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Citation Help: Citation Styles

There are many different citation styles used to document sources used in research. This guide will help you understand what elements to include for different citation styles and how to format them.

Why Do Citations Matter?

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View the linked tutorial from Credo Instruct to learn the importance of citations in college research.

Note: This tutorial requires a log-in when off campus, so only MCC students, faculty, and staff can access it remotely.

How to Format Your Paper in Chicago Style (17th) or Turabian (7th)

Below, you will find instructions for formatting your paper according to the Chicago Manual of Style (CMS), 17th edition, or Turabian, 9th Edition, in MS Word. Turabian is a modified version of CMS, so the set-up process is the same for the two styles/editions.

Know Your Citation Styles

Chicago Manual of Style

The Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) is commonly used in the humanities. It provides the option of two different documentation styles, so ask whether your instructor requires the author-date style or the notes-bibliography style. 

Use your CMS manual or the links below to learn more about CMS requirements.

APA Manual of Style Book Cover

The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) is commonly used in the social sciences. It provides two different format styles, one for students and one for professionals. Confirm which style you should use with your instructor. 

Use your APA manual or the links below to learn more about APA requirements.

Modern Language Association

The Modern Language Association (MLA) Handbook is commonly used in the humanities. It is particularly popular for English courses, but confirm with your instructor before using it.

Use your MLA manual or the links below to learn more about MLA requirements.

 Council for Science Editors (CSE)

Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers is published by the Council for Science Editors (CSE) and is sometimes used in the sciences. Confirm with your instructor before using it.

Use your CSE manual or the links below to learn more about CSE requirements.

Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations

A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (called Turabian style) is a modified form of the Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) and is commonly used for student work in the humanities. Confirm with your instructor before using it.

Use your Turabian manual or the links below to learn more about Turabian requirements.

How to Format Your Paper in APA Style, 7th Edition

Below, you will find instructions for formatting your paper in APA 7 in either MS Word or Google Drive.

FYI: Although these videos states that you can use any font, most instructors prefer Times New Roman 12-point font. Review your assignment prompt to determine your instructor's preference.

Style Manuals - Print Copies

Print versions of the guides for APA, MLA, Turabian-style, and Chicago-style citations are available in the library.

How to Format Your Paper in MLA Style, 9th Edition

Although this video states that you can use any font, most instructors prefer Times New Roman 12-point font. Review your assignment prompt to determine your instructor's preference.